Grammar: WEEK 4 – Parts of Speech: Adjective, Adverb, and Preposition

WEEK 4 – Parts of Speech:  Adjective, Adverb, and Preposition

ADJECTIVE

Adjective:  An adjective is a word, phrase, or clause that modifies (changes, limits, describes, transforms, qualifies) a noun or pronoun.

Adjectives answer the following questions: Which one?  What kind? How many?

Which one? -- Use of demonstrative pronouns (this, that, these, those)

What kind? – General category of adjectives

How many? – Forms of numbers (definite and indefinite)

Placement:  before the noun; after the noun; after a state of being or linking verb

ADVERB

Adverb:  An adverb is a a word, phrase, or clause that modifies (changes, limits, describes, transforms, qualifies) a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

Adverbs answer the following questions:  How? When? Where? To what extent? How much?  How often?

Placement:  Adverbs of one word almost always come before the word modified.  Clauses and phrases should be placed as closely as possible to the verb is modifies.

Formation:  Adverbs can be formed by adding “-ly” to an adjective.  (e.g.  correctly, happily, sparingly)  Another way to form an adverb is to place an adjective in the following formula:  “in a _________ manner.”

PREPOSITION

Preposition:  A preposition is a word that links a noun or pronoun with some other  word or words (usually nouns or pronouns) in a sentence.

A preposition almost always precedes the noun or pronoun linked.  In other words, a noun or pronoun almost always follows a preposition and is called the “object of the preposition.”